Ascites

Definition

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling. It is often associated with liver disease but can also result from other conditions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ascites commonly occurs due to cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
2. Loop diuretics like furosemide are often used to manage ascites by promoting urine production.
3. Ascites can lead to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).
4. Albumin infusions may be used alongside diuretics to maintain plasma volume and reduce fluid accumulation.
5. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial when treating ascites with diuretics to prevent hypokalemia.

Review Questions

• What primary condition often leads to the development of ascites?
• Which class of drugs is frequently prescribed to manage ascites?
• Why is it important to monitor electrolyte levels in patients being treated for ascites?

Related terms

Cirrhosis: Chronic liver damage leading to fibrosis and impaired liver function.

Portal Hypertension: Increased blood pressure within the portal venous system, often leading to complications like ascites.

Hypokalemia: A condition characterized by low potassium levels in the blood, which can be a side effect of diuretic use.