Cortisol

Definition

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, immune response, and stress.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cortisol is released in response to stress and low blood-glucose concentration.
2. It influences many bodily functions, including blood sugar levels, fat storage, and protein metabolism.
3. Sustained high levels of cortisol can lead to conditions such as Cushing's syndrome.
4. Pharmacological interventions may include synthetic glucocorticoids like prednisone for treating inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
5. Cortisol secretion follows a diurnal rhythm with peak levels in the early morning and lowest levels at night.

Review Questions

• What triggers the release of cortisol?
• How does cortisol affect blood sugar levels?
• Name a condition associated with prolonged elevated cortisol levels.

Related terms

Glucocorticoid: A class of corticosteroids involved in metabolism regulation and immune response suppression.

Prednisone: A synthetic glucocorticoid used to treat inflammatory diseases.

Cushing's Syndrome: A condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol.