Copernicus

Definition

Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance-era polymath who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center. This heliocentric model was revolutionary and laid the groundwork for modern astronomy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Copernicus proposed that planets orbit the Sun in circular paths, challenging the geocentric model of Ptolemy.
2. His seminal work, 'De revolutionibus orbium coelestium,' was published in 1543, the year of his death.
3. Copernicus' model greatly influenced later scientists such as Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler.
4. Although not entirely accurate, his theory simplified planetary motions and explained retrograde motion naturally.
5. The Copernican Revolution marked a significant shift from a Earth-centered to a Sun-centered understanding of our solar system.

Review Questions

• What central idea did Copernicus propose in his heliocentric model?
• How did Copernicus' theory simplify the understanding of planetary motions?
• Name at least one scientist who was influenced by Copernicus’ work.

Related terms

Heliocentric Model: A model of the solar system that places the Sun at its center with planets orbiting around it.

Geocentric Model: An ancient model of the universe that places Earth at its center with all other celestial bodies orbiting it.

'De revolutionibus orbium coelestium': The seminal work by Nicolaus Copernicus outlining his heliocentric theory, published in 1543.