Advocacy coalition framework

Definition

The advocacy coalition framework (ACF) is a theory that explains how groups of individuals who share a set of beliefs or values work together to influence public policy over time. It emphasizes the role of coalitions formed by diverse stakeholders, including policymakers, interest groups, and researchers, who collaborate to promote their shared goals within specific policy subsystems. This framework helps understand the dynamics of policy change, especially in complex environments where multiple actors compete for influence.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ACF posits that advocacy coalitions are often formed around shared beliefs about policy problems and solutions, which can include various stakeholders like government agencies, NGOs, and the public.
2. Coalitions can consist of actors from different sectors, such as public officials, scientists, and lobbyists, all aiming to achieve similar policy objectives.
3. The ACF highlights that successful advocacy efforts often take years or even decades, as coalition members work through complex interactions and competing interests.
4. External events, like economic crises or political shifts, can significantly impact advocacy coalitions by altering the landscape of opportunities for policy change.
5. The framework also recognizes the importance of learning among coalition members as they adapt strategies based on new information or changing political circumstances.

Review Questions

• How do advocacy coalitions form around shared beliefs and what role do they play in influencing public policy?
  • Advocacy coalitions form when individuals and organizations that share similar beliefs about specific policy issues come together to pursue common goals. They play a significant role in influencing public policy by coordinating efforts, sharing information, and mobilizing resources to promote their agenda. These coalitions can operate within a larger policy subsystem, where their collective actions can shape the understanding of issues and lead to eventual policy changes.
• Discuss the impact of external events on advocacy coalitions and their effectiveness in achieving policy goals.
  • External events such as economic downturns, social movements, or shifts in political leadership can profoundly affect advocacy coalitions by changing the political landscape or creating new opportunities for influence. For example, a major environmental disaster might galvanize public opinion and prompt policymakers to prioritize environmental issues, giving an advantage to coalitions advocating for stronger regulations. The effectiveness of these coalitions often hinges on their ability to adapt strategies based on these external conditions.
• Evaluate the role of learning within advocacy coalitions and how it contributes to the process of policy change.
  • Learning within advocacy coalitions is crucial for adapting strategies and improving their chances of achieving policy change. Members often share experiences and information that can lead to a better understanding of both the issues at hand and effective tactics for engagement. This ongoing learning process allows coalitions to refine their approaches over time and respond more effectively to challenges, ultimately facilitating significant shifts in public policy as they gain insights from successes and setbacks.

Related terms

Policy Subsystem: A policy subsystem refers to the specific domain within which particular policies are developed and implemented, encompassing various stakeholders who interact and influence each other.

Belief System: A belief system includes the core values and assumptions held by members of an advocacy coalition that guide their actions and strategies in the policy-making process.

Policy Change: Policy change refers to significant modifications or shifts in existing policies, driven by various factors such as advocacy efforts, political context, and changes in societal needs.