The Stranger

Definition

The Stranger is a novel by Albert Camus that explores themes of absurdism and existentialism through the life of Meursault, a detached and emotionally indifferent protagonist. The narrative reveals how Meursault's experiences challenge societal norms and moral expectations, ultimately reflecting the concept of nihilism, where life is seen as inherently meaningless and devoid of higher purpose.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Meursault's emotional detachment and indifference are key characteristics that lead him to be viewed as a 'stranger' in society.
2. The trial of Meursault highlights societal values and how his refusal to conform to expectations results in condemnation.
3. The novel illustrates the absurdity of life, where events occur without reason or explanation, emphasizing the unpredictability of existence.
4. Camus uses the setting of Algeria, with its harsh environment and oppressive heat, to mirror Meursault's internal state and feelings of alienation.
5. The final confrontation with the chaplain represents Meursault's acceptance of life's absurdity and his rejection of imposed meaning or solace.

Review Questions

• How does Meursault's character embody the principles of absurdism as presented in The Stranger?
  • Meursault embodies absurdism through his lack of emotional engagement with life events, such as his mother's death and his subsequent actions. His indifference highlights the absurd nature of existence, where human emotions and societal norms hold little significance in the face of an indifferent universe. This detachment leads him to question conventional meanings of morality and justice during his trial.
• Discuss how Camus critiques societal norms through the portrayal of Meursault's trial in The Stranger.
  • Camus critiques societal norms by showcasing how Meursault's behavior is scrutinized more than the crime he committed. The focus on his emotional detachment rather than his actions reflects society's need to enforce conformity and moral standards. Through this lens, Camus reveals the arbitrary nature of justice and how individuals are often judged not just for their actions but for their alignment with societal expectations.
• Evaluate how The Stranger addresses nihilistic themes and their implications for understanding human existence.
  • The Stranger delves into nihilistic themes by illustrating that life lacks inherent meaning or purpose, which is evident in Meursault's experiences and ultimate acceptance of his fate. Camus challenges readers to confront the uncomfortable reality of existence devoid of traditional values and meaning. This evaluation invites a deeper reflection on personal responsibility in crafting one's own meaning in an indifferent universe, underscoring the necessity for individuals to navigate their own paths amidst existential uncertainty.

Related terms

Absurdism: A philosophical perspective that emphasizes the conflict between humans' desire to find inherent meaning in life and the universe's indifferent silence.

Existentialism: A philosophical movement that focuses on individual existence, freedom, and choice, asserting that individuals must create their own meaning in an inherently meaningless world.

Nihilism: A philosophical belief that life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value, often leading to a rejection of established moral principles.