Statistical Mechanics
Boltzmann entropy is a measure of the amount of disorder or randomness in a thermodynamic system, mathematically expressed as $$S = k_B ext{ln} ext{W}$$, where $$S$$ is the entropy, $$k_B$$ is the Boltzmann constant, and $$W$$ is the number of microstates consistent with the macroscopic state. This concept bridges statistical mechanics with thermodynamics, highlighting the connection between microscopic behavior and macroscopic observables.
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