Attenuators

Definition

Attenuators are a type of wave energy converter that captures energy from ocean waves by converting the motion of the waves into usable mechanical or electrical energy. They typically consist of long floating structures that move with the waves, harnessing both the vertical and horizontal motions to generate power. This design allows them to effectively absorb wave energy while minimizing the impact on marine ecosystems and navigation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Attenuators are designed to align parallel to the direction of incoming waves, maximizing their ability to capture energy.
2. They can be deployed in arrays, where multiple attenuators work together to increase overall energy capture and efficiency.
3. The movement of segments in an attenuator can be harnessed using hydraulic systems or mechanical linkages to convert motion into electrical energy.
4. Attenuators generally have a lower environmental impact compared to other types of wave energy converters due to their floating nature and reduced physical presence on the seabed.
5. Some notable examples of attenuator designs include the Pelamis Wave Energy Converter and the AquaBuOY.

Review Questions

• How do the design features of attenuators contribute to their effectiveness in capturing wave energy?
  • The design features of attenuators, such as their long floating structures aligned with incoming waves, play a significant role in their effectiveness. By allowing these devices to move with both vertical and horizontal wave motions, they can maximize the amount of energy captured. This movement is harnessed through mechanical or hydraulic systems, leading to efficient energy conversion. The ability to adjust to different wave patterns also enhances their performance compared to static devices.
• Compare attenuators with point absorbers in terms of their operational mechanisms and energy conversion efficiency.
  • Attenuators and point absorbers differ primarily in their design and operational mechanisms. Attenuators are long, multi-segment structures that capture both vertical and horizontal motion from waves, while point absorbers utilize a single buoyant component that moves up and down relative to a fixed base. While both types aim for high energy conversion efficiency, attenuators may have an advantage in capturing energy over a broader range of wave conditions due to their size and ability to work in concert when deployed in arrays.
• Evaluate the potential challenges and benefits associated with deploying attenuators in marine environments.
  • Deploying attenuators in marine environments presents both challenges and benefits. One challenge is ensuring their structural integrity against harsh ocean conditions, which may require advanced materials and engineering solutions. Additionally, there may be concerns about their impact on local marine ecosystems and navigation routes. On the benefit side, attenuators offer a relatively low environmental footprint compared to other converters, can produce substantial amounts of renewable energy, and contribute to energy security by diversifying energy sources. Their ability to operate in deeper waters also expands potential locations for renewable energy generation.

Related terms

Wave Energy Converter (WEC): A device that captures and converts wave energy into another form of usable energy, such as electricity, utilizing various mechanisms depending on its design.

Point Absorber: A specific type of wave energy converter that consists of a buoyant element that moves up and down with the waves, using the relative motion between the buoy and a submerged base to generate power.

Oscillating Water Column (OWC): A wave energy converter that uses the rise and fall of water levels in a column to drive air through a turbine, converting wave energy into mechanical energy.