Authentic Cadence

Definition

An authentic cadence is a harmonic progression that creates a strong sense of resolution, typically moving from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I). This type of cadence is crucial for establishing the finality of a musical phrase, often used to signal the end of a section or piece. It plays a significant role in harmonic function and progression, as well as in shaping the overall flow of music through its relationship with harmonic rhythm, phrasing, modulation, common chord progressions, and different cadence types.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. An authentic cadence is often considered the strongest type of cadence because it provides a clear sense of closure in music.
2. There are two variations: perfect authentic cadence (PAC), where both chords are in root position and the highest voice resolves to the tonic, and imperfect authentic cadence (IAC), where one or both chords are not in root position.
3. Authentic cadences frequently appear at the end of musical phrases, helping to delineate sections and provide structure to compositions.
4. They are integral in establishing tonality and can also be used effectively in modulation to emphasize changes in key.
5. In common chord progressions, authentic cadences serve as pivotal points that highlight harmonic movement and transition between phrases.

Review Questions

• How does an authentic cadence contribute to harmonic function within a piece of music?
  • An authentic cadence is essential for establishing a sense of resolution and finality within a musical work. By resolving from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I), it reinforces the tonal center and provides clarity to the harmonic structure. This strong resolution allows listeners to understand where a phrase begins and ends, aiding in their overall perception of the piece's direction.
• Compare and contrast an authentic cadence with a plagal cadence in terms of their harmonic impact on music.
  • While both authentic and plagal cadences provide resolutions in music, they do so in different ways. An authentic cadence typically has a stronger impact due to its movement from the dominant (V) to tonic (I), creating a feeling of completeness. In contrast, a plagal cadence, moving from subdominant (IV) to tonic (I), offers a softer resolution often associated with more reflective or tranquil moments. The two types serve different expressive functions within compositions.
• Evaluate how the use of authentic cadences can enhance thematic development within a composition.
  • The strategic use of authentic cadences can significantly enhance thematic development by marking important moments of closure or transition within a piece. Composers often employ these cadences to signal the end of phrases or sections, creating clear distinctions between themes. Additionally, by incorporating variations like imperfect authentic cadences, they can introduce tension or anticipation before resolving back to the tonic. This thoughtful placement not only supports harmonic progression but also enriches the narrative quality of the music.

Related terms

Dominant Function: The role of the dominant chord in music, which creates tension that resolves to the tonic, reinforcing the sense of movement towards resolution.

Plagal Cadence: A cadence that moves from the subdominant chord (IV) to the tonic chord (I), often associated with a softer resolution compared to an authentic cadence.

Half Cadence: A type of cadence that ends on the dominant chord (V), creating a sense of pause or suspense without full resolution.