Data Types in Python to Know for AP Computer Science Principles

Understanding data types in Python is crucial for programming. They help manage different kinds of information, from numbers to text. Mastering these types enhances problem-solving skills and lays the foundation for more complex coding concepts in AP Computer Science Principles.

1. Integer (int)

   • Represents whole numbers, both positive and negative, without any decimal points.
   • Supports basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
   • Can be used in loops and conditional statements for counting and indexing.

2. Float

   • Represents real numbers that include decimal points, allowing for fractional values.
   • Useful for calculations requiring precision, such as scientific computations or financial applications.
   • Supports arithmetic operations similar to integers, but may introduce rounding errors due to precision limits.

3. String (str)

   • Represents a sequence of characters, used for storing and manipulating text.
   • Strings can be concatenated, sliced, and formatted, making them versatile for various applications.
   • Enclosed in single or double quotes, and can include escape characters for special formatting.

4. Boolean (bool)

   • Represents one of two values: True or False, used for logical operations and conditions.
   • Essential for control flow in programs, allowing for decision-making through conditional statements.
   • Can be derived from comparisons and logical operations, such as AND, OR, and NOT.

5. List

   • An ordered collection of items that can be of different data types, including other lists.
   • Supports dynamic resizing, allowing items to be added or removed easily.
   • Provides various methods for manipulation, such as sorting, reversing, and slicing.

6. Tuple

   • Similar to lists, but immutable, meaning their contents cannot be changed after creation.
   • Useful for storing fixed collections of items, ensuring data integrity.
   • Can be used as keys in dictionaries due to their immutability.

7. Dictionary (dict)

   • A collection of key-value pairs, allowing for efficient data retrieval based on unique keys.
   • Keys must be immutable types (like strings or tuples), while values can be of any data type.
   • Supports operations like adding, updating, and deleting key-value pairs, making it flexible for data management.

8. Set

   • An unordered collection of unique items, automatically removing duplicates.
   • Supports mathematical set operations like union, intersection, and difference.
   • Useful for membership testing and eliminating duplicate entries in data.