Impression Management Techniques to Know for Social Psychology

Impression management techniques are all about how we control others' perceptions of us. From self-presentation to ingratiation, these strategies help shape our image, influence social interactions, and navigate various contexts in everyday life.

1. Self-presentation

   • The process of controlling how one is perceived by others.
   • Involves strategic behaviors to create a desired image.
   • Can vary based on context, audience, and personal goals.

2. Ingratiation

   • A tactic used to gain favor or approval from others.
   • Involves flattery, agreement, and self-disclosure.
   • Often used in professional settings to build rapport.

3. Self-promotion

   • Highlighting one’s achievements and skills to enhance reputation.
   • Can involve boasting or showcasing accomplishments.
   • Effective when balanced with humility to avoid backlash.

4. Exemplification

   • Demonstrating high moral standards or exemplary behavior.
   • Aims to inspire others and gain respect or admiration.
   • Often used by leaders to establish authority and credibility.

5. Intimidation

   • Using fear or threats to influence others’ perceptions or behaviors.
   • Can involve aggressive body language or verbal tactics.
   • Often backfires if perceived as insincere or excessive.

6. Supplication

   • Displaying weakness or dependence to elicit help or sympathy.
   • Can involve self-deprecation or highlighting vulnerabilities.
   • Effective in garnering support but may undermine authority.

7. Conformity

   • Adjusting behaviors or beliefs to align with group norms.
   • Influenced by social pressure and the desire for acceptance.
   • Can lead to positive group cohesion or negative groupthink.

8. Social comparison

   • Evaluating oneself against others to assess abilities or status.
   • Can boost self-esteem or lead to feelings of inadequacy.
   • Influences motivation and self-perception in social contexts.

9. Self-handicapping

   • Creating obstacles to excuse potential failures.
   • Involves behaviors that undermine one’s own performance.
   • Protects self-esteem by attributing failure to external factors.

10. Impression monitoring

    • The ongoing assessment of how one is perceived by others.
    • Involves adjusting behaviors based on feedback and context.
    • Essential for effective self-presentation and social interactions.