Flue gas composition analysis is crucial for understanding and environmental impact. It involves examining major components like CO2 and H2O, as well as pollutants like CO and NOx, to assess fuel utilization and emissions.
Interpreting flue gas data helps optimize combustion processes and reduce harmful emissions. Key calculations include air-fuel ratios and , while environmental considerations focus on reducing and other pollutants through various control technologies.
Flue Gas Composition and Analysis
Composition of flue gases
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Major components of flue gas comprise bulk of emissions
(CO2) primary product of complete combustion
(H2O) forms from hydrogen in fuel
(N2) mostly from combustion air passes through unchanged
(O2) excess air not consumed in combustion
Minor components and pollutants present in smaller quantities
(CO) indicates incomplete combustion
(SOx) form from sulfur in fuel (coal, oil)
(NOx) high-temperature reaction between N2 and O2
includes ash, soot, and unburned fuel particles
Properties of flue gas affect dispersion and heat recovery
Temperature ranges from 120-400℃ depending on process
Pressure slightly above atmospheric aids exhaust
Density varies with temperature and composition
Specific heat capacity important for heat recovery calculations
Interpretation of flue gas data
Indicators of complete combustion show efficient fuel use
High CO2 concentration suggests thorough fuel oxidation
Low CO concentration indicates minimal incomplete combustion
Low unburned hydrocarbons show effective fuel utilization