3.2 Kinematic and kinetic analysis of movement

Kinematic and kinetic analysis are crucial tools in understanding movement. Kinematics focuses on motion patterns, while kinetics examines the forces causing that motion. Together, they provide a complete picture of how our bodies move during exercise.

These analyses help optimize technique, prevent injuries, and improve performance. By measuring joint angles, velocities, and forces, coaches can fine-tune training programs and give targeted feedback to athletes. It's like having a high-tech coach watching your every move!

Kinematic vs Kinetic Analysis

Differentiating Between Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis

Top images from around the web for Differentiating Between Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis

• 

  Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Centripetal Acceleration | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  4.3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System – College Physics: OpenStax View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Centripetal Acceleration | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

Top images from around the web for Differentiating Between Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis

• 

  Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Centripetal Acceleration | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  4.3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion: Concept of a System – College Physics: OpenStax View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Graphical Analysis of One-Dimensional Motion | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Centripetal Acceleration | Physics View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

• Kinematic analysis focuses on the motion of the body or objects without considering the forces that cause the motion
  • Involves the study of position, velocity, and acceleration
• Kinetic analysis examines the forces acting on the body or objects that cause motion
  • Involves the study of forces, moments, and power output
• Kinematic variables include linear and angular displacement, velocity, and acceleration
• Kinetic variables include force, torque, work, and power
• Kinematic analysis provides information about the movement pattern and technique (gait analysis, throwing mechanics)
• Kinetic analysis helps understand the causes of motion and the forces involved (ground reaction forces during running, joint torques during weightlifting)

Kinematic Analysis of Movement

Measuring Joint Angles

• Joint angles are measured using goniometers or motion capture systems
  • Expressed in degrees
  • Provide information about the range of motion and the relative positions of body segments during exercise (knee flexion angle during a squat, shoulder abduction angle during a lateral raise)

Assessing Angular Velocity and Acceleration

• Angular velocity is the rate of change of joint angles over time
  • Typically expressed in degrees per second
  • Indicates the speed at which a joint is moving during an exercise (angular velocity of the elbow during a bicep curl)
• Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time
  • Expressed in degrees per second squared
  • Represents the change in joint angular velocity during an exercise (angular acceleration of the hip during a deadlift)

Analyzing Linear Velocity and Acceleration

• Linear velocity and acceleration can be assessed for specific body segments or markers
  • Provides information about the speed and acceleration of those points during the exercise (velocity of the barbell during a bench press, acceleration of the foot during a sprint)
• Kinematic analysis can be performed using various tools
  • Video analysis software (Dartfish, Kinovea)
  • Motion capture systems (Vicon, Optitrack)
  • Wearable sensors (inertial measurement units, accelerometers)
• The choice of tool depends on the level of precision required and the specific exercise being analyzed

Kinetic Analysis of Exercise

Measuring Forces and Moments

• Forces can be measured using force plates, load cells, or pressure sensors
  • Typically expressed in Newtons (N)
  • Provide information about the magnitude and direction of forces acting on the body during an exercise (ground reaction forces during a jump, forces applied to a barbell during a deadlift)
• Moments, also known as torques, are the rotational effect of forces acting on a joint
  • Calculated by multiplying the force by the perpendicular distance from the joint axis
  • Expressed in Newton-meters (Nm)
  • Assess the forces and moments acting on specific joints during exercises (knee joint moment during a lunge, hip joint moment during a squat)

Calculating Power Output

• Power output is the rate of doing work
  • Calculated as the product of force and velocity
  • Typically expressed in Watts (W)
  • Indicates the amount of work performed over time during an exercise (power output during a vertical jump, power output during a power clean)

Applying Inverse Dynamics

• Inverse dynamics is a method used in kinetic analysis
  • Calculates joint forces and moments based on kinematic data and external forces measured by force plates or other sensors
  • Allows for the estimation of internal forces acting on the body during an exercise (joint reaction forces, muscle forces)

Interpreting Kinematic and Kinetic Data

Optimizing Exercise Technique

• Kinematic data can be used to identify movement patterns and assess joint range of motion
  • Evaluate the coordination and timing of body segments during an exercise (hip-knee-ankle coordination during a squat)
• Kinetic data can help identify the magnitude and distribution of forces acting on the body
  • Assess joint loading and evaluate the efficiency of force production during an exercise (knee joint loading during a step-up, force-time curve during a bench press)
• Combining kinematic and kinetic data allows for a comprehensive analysis of exercise technique
  • Identifies areas for improvement in terms of both movement quality and force application (improving hip hinge pattern and force production during a deadlift)

Providing Feedback and Guiding Interventions

• Interpreting data may involve comparing an individual's technique to established norms or ideal movement patterns for a given exercise
  • Assessing the consistency and variability of technique across multiple repetitions or sets (evaluating the consistency of a golfer's swing)
• Kinematic and kinetic data can be used to provide feedback to athletes and coaches
  • Guides technique adjustments and training interventions to optimize performance and reduce the risk of injury (modifying landing mechanics to reduce knee valgus and ACL injury risk)

Monitoring Progress and Making Data-Driven Decisions

• Longitudinal monitoring of kinematic and kinetic variables can be used to track progress
  • Assesses the effectiveness of training programs (monitoring changes in power output and velocity during a training cycle)
• Data-driven decisions can be made regarding exercise prescription and progression
  • Adjusting training loads, volumes, and exercise selection based on kinematic and kinetic data (progressing from a bodyweight squat to a barbell back squat based on kinematic and kinetic assessments)