12.3 Matting and framing

Matting and framing are crucial aspects of printmaking presentation. They protect artwork and enhance its visual appeal. Understanding different materials, techniques, and aesthetic principles allows printmakers to make informed choices for their work.

From selecting the right matting materials to mastering cutting techniques, frame selection, and preservation methods, this topic covers essential skills. It also explores professional practices and DIY alternatives, empowering artists to create polished presentations for their prints.

Types of matting materials

• Matting materials play a crucial role in printmaking presentation, protecting and enhancing artwork
• Selection of appropriate matting materials impacts the longevity and visual appeal of prints
• Understanding different matting options allows printmakers to make informed choices for their work

Paper vs fabric mats

Top images from around the web for Paper vs fabric mats

• 

  Fabric cutting table/mat - i3Detroit View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Printmaking – Introduction To Art View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  P1000686 | Exploring textures in printmaking | capetribber | Flickr View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Fabric cutting table/mat - i3Detroit View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Printmaking – Introduction To Art View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

Top images from around the web for Paper vs fabric mats

• 

  Fabric cutting table/mat - i3Detroit View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Printmaking – Introduction To Art View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  P1000686 | Exploring textures in printmaking | capetribber | Flickr View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Fabric cutting table/mat - i3Detroit View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Printmaking – Introduction To Art View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

• Paper mats offer a wide range of colors and textures, complementing various print styles
• Fabric mats provide a luxurious, textured appearance, often used for high-end presentations
• Paper mats generally more affordable and easier to cut, while fabric mats require specialized handling
• Fabric mats offer better resistance to moisture and humidity fluctuations
• Paper mats available in various weights, affecting durability and appearance (4-ply, 8-ply)

Acid-free vs standard mats

• Acid-free mats prevent yellowing and deterioration of artwork over time
• Standard mats contain lignin, which can lead to discoloration and damage to prints
• Acid-free mats made from cotton rag or alpha-cellulose materials
• pH levels of acid-free mats typically range from 7.5 to 9.5
• Standard mats more affordable but not recommended for valuable or archival prints

Conservation-grade matting options

• Museum-quality mats offer the highest level of protection for fine art prints
• Conservation mats undergo rigorous testing for chemical stability and longevity
• Includes options like 100% cotton rag mats and lignin-free, buffered alpha-cellulose mats
• Often feature additional treatments to resist mold growth and insect damage
• May incorporate zeolites or other materials to absorb harmful pollutants

Mat cutting techniques

• Mat cutting forms an essential skill in printmaking presentation, ensuring professional-looking results
• Proper cutting techniques enhance the overall appearance of framed prints
• Understanding various cutting methods allows printmakers to choose the best approach for their needs

Manual vs machine cutting

• Manual cutting requires precision and practice, often preferred for custom or intricate designs
• Machine cutting offers consistency and speed, ideal for high-volume production
• Manual cutting tools include handheld mat cutters and utility knives
• Mat cutting machines range from simple tabletop models to computerized systems
• Manual cutting allows for greater flexibility in mat design and on-the-spot adjustments

Measuring and marking mats

• Accurate measurements crucial for professional-looking results
• Use of T-squares and metal rulers ensures straight lines and precise angles
• Marking techniques include pencil lines, scoring, and the use of specialized mat marking tools
• Calculate proper border widths based on artwork size and frame dimensions
• Account for overlap (typically 1/4 inch) to prevent artwork from slipping through the opening

Beveled vs straight cuts

• Beveled cuts create an angled edge, adding depth and sophistication to the presentation
• Straight cuts produce a clean, modern look, often used in contemporary framing styles
• Beveled cuts typically made at a 45-degree angle using specialized mat cutters
• Straight cuts can be achieved with standard utility knives or mat cutting machines
• Beveled cuts help prevent shadows on the artwork, especially with deeper mats

Frame selection

• Frame selection significantly impacts the overall presentation of printmaking artwork
• Choosing appropriate frames enhances the visual appeal and protects prints from damage
• Understanding frame options allows printmakers to make informed decisions for their work

Wood vs metal frames

• Wood frames offer a traditional, warm appearance, available in various finishes and styles
• Metal frames provide a sleek, modern look, often used for contemporary artwork
• Wood frames allow for easier customization and on-site adjustments
• Metal frames typically more durable and resistant to warping
• Consider the weight of frames, especially for larger prints or gallery installations

Standard vs custom sizes

• Standard sizes (8x10, 11x14, 16x20) offer cost-effective and readily available options
• Custom sizes allow for precise fitting of uniquely sized prints or non-standard aspect ratios
• Standard sizes simplify the framing process and reduce material waste
• Custom sizes provide flexibility for creative presentations and unusual print dimensions
• Consider the availability of pre-cut mats and glass when choosing between standard and custom sizes

Ornate vs minimalist styles

• Ornate frames feature intricate designs, often used for traditional or classical prints
• Minimalist styles emphasize clean lines and simplicity, complementing modern artwork
• Ornate frames can add visual interest but may compete with the artwork for attention
• Minimalist frames allow the print to be the focal point of the presentation
• Consider the overall aesthetic of the print and its intended display environment when selecting frame style

Glass and glazing options

• Glazing protects prints from dust, UV damage, and physical harm
• Proper selection of glazing materials enhances the viewing experience and longevity of artwork
• Understanding glazing options allows printmakers to balance protection and visual clarity

Regular vs UV-protective glass

• Regular glass provides basic protection against dust and physical damage
• UV-protective glass filters out harmful ultraviolet rays, preventing fading and degradation
• UV glass typically blocks 97-99% of UV radiation
• Regular glass more affordable but offers no UV protection
• Consider UV glass for valuable prints or those displayed in areas with high light exposure

Acrylic vs glass glazing

• Acrylic (plexiglass) lighter and more shatter-resistant than traditional glass
• Glass offers better clarity and scratch resistance compared to acrylic
• Acrylic available in UV-protective varieties, combining lightweight properties with sun protection
• Glass provides a more traditional look and feel, often preferred for high-end presentations
• Acrylic more suitable for large format prints due to its lighter weight

Non-glare vs clear finishes

• Non-glare finishes reduce reflections, improving visibility in bright environments
• Clear finishes offer maximum transparency and color accuracy
• Non-glare options include etched glass and specially coated acrylics
• Clear finishes preferred for highly detailed prints or in controlled lighting conditions
• Consider the display location and lighting when choosing between non-glare and clear glazing

Mounting methods

• Proper mounting techniques ensure the longevity and stability of prints within frames
• Selection of appropriate mounting methods depends on the type of print and conservation needs
• Understanding various mounting options allows printmakers to preserve their work effectively

Hinge mounting techniques

• Hinge mounting allows for easy removal and minimal contact with the artwork
• Japanese paper hinges and archival tapes commonly used for conservation-grade mounting
• T-hinge method involves attaching hinges to the top edge of the artwork
• V-hinge technique provides additional support for larger or heavier prints
• Proper hinge placement crucial for even weight distribution and preventing sagging

Dry mounting process

• Dry mounting permanently adheres the entire print to a backing board
• Heat-activated adhesive used to bond the print to the substrate
• Provides a flat, wrinkle-free presentation ideal for posters and photographs
• Not recommended for valuable or historical prints due to its irreversible nature
• Requires specialized equipment (dry mount press) and careful temperature control

Float mounting for artwork

• Float mounting creates the illusion of the print hovering within the frame
• Spacers used to elevate the artwork from the backing board
• Allows for the display of deckled edges or unique paper textures
• Can be combined with conservation-grade mounting techniques for added protection
• Particularly effective for presenting prints with interesting paper characteristics or hand-torn edges

Preservation considerations

• Proper preservation techniques essential for maintaining the quality and value of prints over time
• Understanding preservation principles allows printmakers to protect their work from environmental damage
• Implementing preservation strategies enhances the longevity and collectibility of printmaking artwork

Archival materials for longevity

• Use of acid-free and lignin-free materials prevents degradation of prints
• Archival-grade adhesives (pH neutral or slightly alkaline) ensure long-term stability
• Conservation-grade matboards and backing boards provide additional protection
• Archival polyester sleeves or interleaving papers prevent direct contact between prints
• Selection of archival-quality framing materials crucial for valuable or historically significant prints

Temperature and humidity control

• Maintain consistent temperature (ideally 65-70°F or 18-21°C) to prevent expansion and contraction
• Control relative humidity levels (45-55%) to avoid mold growth and paper warping
• Use of silica gel packets or humidity-controlling framing products in high-humidity environments
• Avoid storing or displaying prints in basements, attics, or areas prone to temperature fluctuations
• Regular monitoring of environmental conditions using hygrometers and thermometers

Light exposure management

• Limit exposure to direct sunlight and strong artificial light sources
• Use of UV-filtering glazing materials to protect against fading and discoloration
• Rotate displayed prints periodically to distribute light exposure evenly
• Consider using LED lighting with low UV emissions for display areas
• Store prints in dark conditions when not on display to minimize cumulative light damage

Tools and equipment

• Proper tools and equipment essential for professional-quality matting and framing
• Understanding the function and use of various tools enhances efficiency and precision
• Investing in quality equipment allows printmakers to achieve consistent, high-standard results

Mat cutters and blades

• Professional-grade mat cutters ensure clean, precise cuts for various mat thicknesses
• Handheld mat cutters offer portability and flexibility for custom designs
• Replacement blades crucial for maintaining sharp, clean cuts
• Blade types include straight cutting blades and bevel cutting blades
• Regular blade replacement and proper storage prevent dull cuts and accidents

Framing hardware essentials

• Point drivers secure artwork within frames quickly and efficiently
• Framing nails and glazier's points provide alternative methods for securing backing boards
• Wire hangers and D-rings allow for proper wall mounting of framed prints
• Bumper pads protect walls and keep frames level when hung
• Screwdrivers, pliers, and wire cutters necessary for hardware installation and adjustments

Measuring and alignment tools

• T-squares and metal rulers ensure accurate measurements and straight cuts
• Framing squares help maintain 90-degree angles when assembling frames
• Level tools crucial for proper alignment of artwork within mats and frames
• Tape measures allow for quick and easy size calculations
• Laser levels assist in hanging multiple frames in precise alignment

Aesthetic principles

• Understanding aesthetic principles crucial for creating visually appealing presentations
• Application of design concepts enhances the overall impact of framed prints
• Balancing aesthetic choices with conservation needs ensures both beauty and longevity

Color coordination with artwork

• Select mat colors that complement or contrast with the dominant hues in the print
• Consider using neutral tones (white, off-white, gray) for versatile, timeless presentations
• Double or triple matting allows for creative color combinations and added depth
• Use of colored core mats can create subtle, elegant accents
• Consider the intended display environment when selecting mat and frame colors

Proportions and sizing guidelines

• Follow the rule of thirds for balanced mat widths (bottom mat wider than sides and top)
• Maintain consistent proportions between artwork size and overall framed dimensions
• Consider the golden ratio (1:1.618) for aesthetically pleasing proportions
• Adjust mat widths based on the visual weight and composition of the print
• Account for frame thickness when calculating overall dimensions and proportions

Visual balance in presentation

• Center artwork within the mat opening for a traditional, balanced look
• Consider asymmetrical placement for more dynamic or contemporary presentations
• Balance ornate frames with simpler mat designs, and vice versa
• Use weighted mats (thicker bottom) to create a sense of stability for landscape-oriented prints
• Consider the visual impact of negative space created by mat borders

Professional framing practices

• Adopting professional framing practices elevates the quality and perceived value of printmaking work
• Understanding industry standards ensures consistent, high-quality presentations
• Implementing professional techniques enhances client satisfaction and business reputation

Client consultation techniques

• Conduct thorough interviews to understand client preferences and artwork requirements
• Provide sample corners and mat color swatches to help clients visualize options
• Discuss preservation needs and educate clients on conservation framing techniques
• Offer design suggestions based on the artwork style and intended display location
• Address budget considerations and present various pricing options

Pricing and cost estimation

• Calculate material costs including frame, mat, glass, and backing materials
• Factor in labor time for cutting, assembly, and any custom work required
• Consider overhead costs such as equipment maintenance and studio space
• Develop tiered pricing structures for different levels of framing quality (standard, conservation, museum)
• Provide detailed written estimates outlining all components and services included

Quality control measures

• Implement a multi-point inspection process for each framed piece
• Check for dust and debris between glass and artwork before final assembly
• Ensure proper tension of artwork within the frame to prevent sagging or buckling
• Verify secure attachment of hanging hardware and bumper pads
• Conduct final visual inspections under various lighting conditions to catch any imperfections

DIY framing techniques

• DIY framing allows printmakers to present their work affordably and creatively
• Understanding basic framing principles enables artists to create professional-looking presentations
• Exploring alternative framing methods encourages innovation in print display

Budget-friendly framing solutions

• Use ready-made frames and pre-cut mats for cost-effective presentations
• Explore thrift stores and flea markets for unique, affordable frame options
• Create simple float frames using wooden strips for a modern, minimalist look
• Utilize clip frames or magnetic frames for easy, low-cost display options
• Consider using archival-quality mounting boards without frames for a contemporary aesthetic

Repurposing existing frames

• Sand and repaint old frames to give them new life and match current decor
• Combine elements from different frames to create unique, custom designs
• Use wood filler and paint to repair minor damage on secondhand frames
• Replace damaged glass or upgrade to UV-protective glazing in existing frames
• Adjust frame sizes by cutting down larger frames or building up smaller ones

Creative alternatives to traditional framing

• Explore clipboard displays for easy rotation of prints and casual presentations
• Use binder clips and wire to create adjustable wall-hanging systems
• Create DIY magnetic frames using neodymium magnets and thin metal sheets
• Experiment with hanging prints using washi tape or removable adhesive strips
• Develop modular framing systems using interlocking wooden or acrylic pieces