11.1 Forms and prevalence of gender-based violence
2 min read•july 22, 2024
is a pervasive global issue affecting millions. It takes many forms, from physical and sexual abuse to psychological manipulation and socio-economic discrimination. The prevalence is staggering, with 1 in 3 women experiencing violence in their lifetime.
Societal factors like and cultural acceptance perpetuate this violence. The impact is far-reaching, affecting physical and mental health, social connections, and economic stability. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing gender-based violence and promoting equality.
Understanding Gender-Based Violence
Forms of gender-based violence
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Gender-based violence (GBV) involves violence directed against individuals based on their gender identity, expression, or perceived gender
Physical violence encompasses , (IPV), , and
includes , , (manipulation), and (monitoring, isolating)
consists of , , , or , and (FGM)
involves discrimination in the workplace (, ), unequal access to education and resources, , and honor killings (murder for perceived shame)
Global prevalence of gender-based violence
Globally, approximately 1 in 3 women experience physical or sexual violence throughout their lifetime (IPV, non-partner violence)
Intimate partners commit 38% of murders involving female victims
Female genital mutilation affects 200 million women worldwide
Forced sexual encounters impact 15 million adolescent girls aged 15-19
In 2017, partners or family members killed 1 in 2 women who were murdered globally
Women and girls account for 71% of all human trafficking victims (sexual exploitation, forced labor)
Societal factors in gender-based violence
Patriarchal norms and perpetuate unequal between men and women and reinforce rigid gender roles and expectations
Cultural acceptance of violence against women normalizes domestic violence and promotes attitudes
Inadequate laws addressing GBV and limited access to justice for survivors indicate a lack of legal protection and enforcement
Women's financial dependence on abusers and limited access to education and employment opportunities contribute to economic inequality and dependence
Marginalized groups such as LGBTQ+ individuals, ethnic minorities, and disabled persons face increased vulnerability due to and discrimination
Impact of gender-based violence
Physical health consequences include injuries, chronic pain, disabilities, sexual and reproductive health issues (infertility, pregnancy complications), and increased risk of HIV and other STIs
Mental health consequences comprise post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, substance abuse, and addiction
Social and economic consequences involve isolation, loss of support networks, reduced productivity, job loss, homelessness, and housing instability
Trauma can be passed down through families, leading to an intergenerational impact and increased risk of future perpetration or victimization
At the community level, GBV reinforces gender inequalities, normalizes violence, and strains healthcare and social services (emergency care, shelters, legal aid)