11.2 Validation and verification of candidate biomarkers
2 min read•july 25, 2024
Biomarker validation and verification are crucial steps in proteomics research. These processes ensure the accuracy and reliability of potential biomarkers for diseases like cancer or Alzheimer's, reducing false results and increasing confidence in clinical applications.
The process involves multiple stages, from preclinical studies to regulatory approval. Targeted proteomics techniques like and play key roles in verifying biomarkers, offering high specificity and sensitivity for quantifying low-abundance proteins.
Biomarker Validation and Verification Process
Biomarker validation and verification concepts
Top images from around the web for Biomarker validation and verification concepts
Frontiers | microRNA-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | Proteomics Approaches for Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery in ALS and FTD View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | An Integrated Quantitative Proteomics Workflow for Cancer Biomarker Discovery and ... View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | microRNA-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | Proteomics Approaches for Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery in ALS and FTD View original
Is this image relevant?
1 of 3
Top images from around the web for Biomarker validation and verification concepts
Frontiers | microRNA-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | Proteomics Approaches for Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery in ALS and FTD View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | An Integrated Quantitative Proteomics Workflow for Cancer Biomarker Discovery and ... View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | microRNA-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) View original
Is this image relevant?
Frontiers | Proteomics Approaches for Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery in ALS and FTD View original
Is this image relevant?
1 of 3
Biomarker validation confirms ability to measure biological state accurately and reliably through extensive testing and evaluation (cancer diagnosis, drug response)
Biomarker verification assesses candidate biomarker potential utility preliminarily before full-scale validation studies (protein biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease)
Preclinical studies utilize in vitro experiments and animal models to assess biomarker potential (cell culture assays, mouse models)
develops and optimizes assays, determines specificity and sensitivity (, )
conducts retrospective studies with archived samples and prospective studies with new patient cohorts (breast cancer biomarker studies)
Clinical utility studies assess biomarker impact on patient outcomes and analyze cost-effectiveness (prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer screening)
Regulatory approval submits validation data to agencies for clinical use approval (FDA, EMA)
Targeted proteomics in biomarker verification
Selected Reaction Monitoring monitors specific peptides and fragment ions enabling quantification of low-abundance proteins (PSA, troponin)
Parallel Reaction Monitoring simultaneously monitors all fragment ions of target peptide providing improved selectivity (thyroglobulin, insulin-like growth factor)
Advantages include high specificity and sensitivity, ability to multiplex biomarkers, reduced sample complexity, improved and quantification accuracy
Statistical methods for biomarker performance
Sensitivity measures proportion of true positive results correctly identified TruePositives/(TruePositives+FalseNegatives)
Specificity measures proportion of true negative results correctly identified TrueNegatives/(TrueNegatives+FalsePositives)
Receiver Operating Characteristic curves plot true positive rate against false positive rate, Area Under Curve quantifies overall performance
determines probability of true positive test result
determines probability of true negative test result
Likelihood ratios assess diagnostic test performance (positive: sensitivity/(1−specificity), negative: (1−sensitivity)/specificity)