2.2 Lexical relations: synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, and meronymy
2 min read•july 19, 2024
Lexical relations are the building blocks of language, connecting words through meaning and hierarchy. They help us understand how words relate to each other, from similar meanings to opposites, and from broad categories to specific parts.
Synonyms, antonyms, hyponyms, and meronyms form a web of connections between words. These relationships allow us to express ideas precisely, organize concepts, and understand the structure of language in everyday communication.
Lexical Relations
Types of lexical relations
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Frontiers | Transition From Sublexical to Lexico-Semantic Stimulus Processing View original
denote opposites in a relationship (teacher, student)
describes a hierarchical relationship between a superordinate () and subordinate () terms (animal, dog)
signifies a between words (hand, body)
Examples and significance of relations
Synonymy examples showcase how words like "happy" and "joyful" or "car" and "automobile" can be used interchangeably, allowing for variety in expression and avoiding repetition
Antonymy examples demonstrate the different types of opposites
Gradable antonyms like "tall" and "short" express contrasts on a continuum
Complementary antonyms such as "true" and "false" represent mutually exclusive concepts
Relational antonyms like "parent" and "child" show opposites in a relationship
These antonyms help express contrasts and oppositions in language