Functions are the building blocks of Python programming, allowing you to organize code into reusable units. Parameters and arguments are key concepts in function design, enabling you to pass information to functions and customize their behavior.
Understanding function parameters, arguments, and scope is crucial for writing effective and flexible code. This knowledge empowers you to create functions that can handle various inputs, work with different data types, and maintain proper variable accessibility.
Function Parameters and Arguments
Function arguments and parameters
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Parameters are variables defined in the function definition that receive values when the function is called
Specified within parentheses after the function name (name, age)
Act as placeholders for actual values passed to the function
Also known as
Arguments are actual values passed to a function when it is called
Provided within parentheses when calling the function (25, "John")
Number and order of arguments must match number and order of parameters in function definition
When function is called with arguments, values of arguments are assigned to corresponding parameters
Allows function to work with values passed as arguments
Parameters can have default values specified in function definition
If not provided for with default value, default value is used
Default values specified using
=
operator after parameter name (age=18)
Multiple parameters in functions
Function can have multiple parameters defined in its definition
Multiple parameters separated by commas within parentheses (name, age, city)
Each parameter assigned a value from corresponding when function is called
Order of arguments passed when calling function must match order of parameters in function definition
Example function definition with multiple parameters:
[def](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:def) greet(name, age):print(f"Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old.")
When calling function, provide arguments in same order as parameters:
greet("Alice",25)
Keyword arguments can be used to pass arguments to parameters in any order
Keyword arguments specified using parameter name followed by
=
operator and argument value (age=30, name="Bob")
Example using keyword arguments:
greet(age=30, name="Bob")
Object mutability and function behavior
Object mutability refers to whether object can be changed () or not (immutable) after creation
Mutable objects (lists, dictionaries) can be modified within function, changes persist outside function
When mutable object passed as argument to function, function receives reference to original object ()
Modifications made to object inside function affect original object
Immutable objects (numbers, strings, tuples) cannot be modified within function
When immutable object passed as argument to function, function receives copy of object's value ()
Modifications made to object inside function do not affect original object