9.2 Domestic Policies: New Federalism and Economic Challenges
2 min read•july 22, 2024
aimed to shift power from federal to state governments, advocating for smaller federal government and increased state autonomy. This approach believed state and local governments were better equipped to address local issues and needs.
The Nixon era faced economic challenges like , , and an . Nixon's domestic policies included establishing the and launching the , while social tensions persisted around and women's issues.
New Federalism and Domestic Policies
New Federalism and government relations
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New Federalism aimed to shift power from federal to state and local governments advocated for smaller federal government and increased state autonomy
Believed state and local governments better equipped to address local issues and needs
transferred power and responsibility from federal to state and local governments
provided federal funds to states with fewer restrictions on spending
Reduced federal regulations and oversight on state affairs
Increased competition among states for federal resources and funding (grants, subsidies)
Economic challenges of Nixon era
caused rising prices and decreased purchasing power of the dollar due to increased government spending, rising energy costs, and abandoning the gold standard
Unemployment resulted from economic slowdown and rising joblessness particularly affecting blue-collar workers and manufacturing sector (automotive industry)
Energy crisis triggered by 1973 in retaliation for U.S. support of Israel during Yom Kippur War
Oil shortages, price hikes, and long gas station lines exposed U.S. dependence on foreign oil and need for energy independence ()
Nixon's domestic policy initiatives
(EPA) established in 1970 to consolidate federal environmental responsibilities tasked with protecting human health and environment through regulation and enforcement
Oversaw implementation of and to reduce pollution and improve air and water quality
War on Drugs launched in 1971 to combat drug abuse and trafficking increased federal funding for drug control agencies and imposed stricter penalties for drug offenses
Controversial due to disproportionate impact on communities of color (African Americans, Hispanics) and limited effectiveness in reducing drug use and addiction
Social tensions of early 1970s
Continuing civil rights struggle included school desegregation and as attempts to integrate schools faced resistance from white communities
programs aimed to address racial inequalities in education and employment (college admissions, hiring practices)
Ongoing fights against housing discrimination () and for voting rights ()
Rise of women's movement, known as , gained momentum in 1960s and 1970s focusing on reproductive rights, , and
of Education Amendments of 1972 prohibited gender discrimination in federally funded educational institutions (sports programs)