5.5 Problem-solution

Problem-solution writing identifies issues and proposes solutions to drive change. It's a persuasive approach used in various contexts to raise awareness and inspire action. This type of writing aims to convince readers that a problem needs addressing and that the writer's solution is the best option.

The structure includes a clear problem statement, analysis of causes and effects, and a well-argued solution. Key elements are evidence-based arguments, consideration of alternatives, and a strong call-to-action. Effective problem-solution writing requires careful audience analysis and strategic use of persuasive techniques.

Definition of problem-solution writing

• Problem-solution writing is a type of persuasive writing that identifies a problem and proposes a solution
• Aims to convince the reader that a particular issue needs to be addressed and that the writer's proposed solution is the best course of action
• Characterized by a clear problem statement, analysis of the problem's causes and effects, and a well-argued solution

Purpose and goals

Top images from around the web for Purpose and goals

• 

  Supporting Claims | English I: Hymowech View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  The Decision Making Process | Organizational Behavior and Human Relations View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Introduction to Problem Solving Skills | CCMIT View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Supporting Claims | English I: Hymowech View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  The Decision Making Process | Organizational Behavior and Human Relations View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

Top images from around the web for Purpose and goals

• 

  Supporting Claims | English I: Hymowech View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  The Decision Making Process | Organizational Behavior and Human Relations View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Introduction to Problem Solving Skills | CCMIT View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  Supporting Claims | English I: Hymowech View original

  Is this image relevant?

• 

  The Decision Making Process | Organizational Behavior and Human Relations View original

  Is this image relevant?

1 of 3

• The primary purpose is to persuade the reader to take action or support a particular solution
• Seeks to raise awareness about a problem and inspire change
• Aims to provide a well-reasoned and feasible solution to the problem
• Often used in business, social, and political contexts to drive decision-making and policy changes

Key characteristics

• Clear identification and description of the problem
• Analysis of the problem's causes, effects, and significance
• Proposal of a specific solution or set of solutions
• Evidence-based arguments supporting the proposed solution
• Consideration of alternative solutions and their drawbacks
• Persuasive techniques to convince the reader of the solution's merits
• Call-to-action encouraging the reader to support or implement the solution

Structure of problem-solution writing

Introduction and problem statement

• Engaging opening that hooks the reader's attention
• Clear and concise statement of the problem being addressed
• Background information to provide context for the problem
• Thesis statement previewing the proposed solution

Explanation of problem's significance

• Discussion of the problem's negative impacts on individuals, communities, or society as a whole
• Use of statistics, examples, and expert opinions to illustrate the problem's severity
• Analysis of the problem's root causes and contributing factors
• Emphasis on the urgency of addressing the problem

Overview of potential solutions

• Brief introduction of several possible solutions to the problem
• Explanation of each solution's main features and how they would address the problem
• Acknowledgment of the strengths and limitations of each solution
• Comparison of the solutions to provide context for the writer's preferred approach

Evaluation of solution options

• In-depth analysis of each potential solution's feasibility, effectiveness, and potential drawbacks
• Use of criteria such as cost, implementation time, and long-term sustainability to assess each solution
• Discussion of the trade-offs and risks associated with each solution
• Explanation of why certain solutions are less viable or desirable than others

Recommendation of best solution

• Clear statement of the writer's preferred solution based on the evaluation of options
• Detailed description of the recommended solution, including its key features and implementation steps
• Evidence-based arguments demonstrating how the solution addresses the problem's root causes and effects
• Discussion of the solution's benefits and potential positive impacts on stakeholders

Call-to-action and conclusion

• Persuasive appeal to the reader to support or adopt the recommended solution
• Specific actions the reader can take to contribute to the solution's implementation
• Reinforcement of the problem's significance and the urgency of taking action
• Inspirational closing that leaves the reader motivated to be part of the solution

Techniques for problem analysis

Identifying root causes

• Investigating the underlying factors contributing to the problem
• Using techniques such as cause-and-effect analysis or root cause analysis to identify primary causes
• Differentiating between symptoms and actual causes of the problem
• Conducting research to gather data and insights about the problem's origins

Considering multiple perspectives

• Examining the problem from the viewpoints of different stakeholders (affected individuals, communities, organizations)
• Seeking input from experts and individuals with firsthand experience of the problem
• Analyzing how the problem impacts different groups and identifying disparities or inequalities
• Incorporating diverse perspectives to gain a comprehensive understanding of the problem

Using data and research

• Gathering relevant statistics, studies, and reports related to the problem
• Conducting surveys, interviews, or focus groups to collect primary data
• Analyzing trends and patterns in the data to identify key insights and support arguments
• Using data visualization techniques (charts, graphs, infographics) to present findings effectively

Developing effective solutions

Brainstorming and ideation

• Encouraging creative thinking to generate a wide range of potential solutions
• Using techniques such as mind mapping, free writing, or group brainstorming sessions
• Building on existing ideas and combining elements from different solutions
• Challenging assumptions and exploring unconventional approaches

Feasibility vs impact

• Assessing the practicality of implementing each potential solution
• Considering factors such as cost, resources required, and potential barriers to adoption
• Evaluating the likely impact and effectiveness of each solution in addressing the problem
• Balancing the trade-offs between feasibility and impact when selecting a solution

Short-term vs long-term approaches

• Differentiating between solutions that provide quick fixes and those that address the problem's root causes
• Considering the sustainability and long-term viability of each solution
• Assessing the potential unintended consequences or risks associated with short-term solutions
• Developing a multi-faceted approach that combines short-term relief with long-term systemic changes

Addressing potential objections

• Anticipating and preparing for common objections or concerns about the proposed solution
• Identifying the underlying reasons for resistance or skepticism
• Developing counterarguments or evidence to address each objection
• Incorporating safeguards or modifications to the solution to mitigate potential drawbacks

Persuasive strategies in problem-solution writing

Establishing credibility and expertise

• Demonstrating the writer's qualifications, experience, or knowledge related to the problem
• Using reliable sources and citing credible experts to support arguments
• Presenting a balanced and objective analysis of the problem and potential solutions
• Using a confident and authoritative tone to convey expertise

Appealing to logic and emotion

• Using logical reasoning and evidence-based arguments to persuade the reader
• Employing emotional appeals to create a sense of urgency, empathy, or moral responsibility
• Balancing the use of logos (logic) and pathos (emotion) to create a compelling argument
• Using rhetorical devices such as analogies, metaphors, or storytelling to engage the reader

Anticipating counterarguments

• Identifying and addressing potential objections or opposing viewpoints before they are raised
• Presenting a fair and balanced discussion of alternative perspectives
• Refuting counterarguments with evidence and logical reasoning
• Demonstrating open-mindedness and a willingness to consider other viewpoints

Using vivid examples and anecdotes

• Illustrating the problem's impact through real-life examples or case studies
• Using anecdotes to create an emotional connection with the reader
• Selecting examples that are relevant and relatable to the target audience
• Integrating examples seamlessly into the overall argument to support key points

Adapting to audience and purpose

Analyzing audience needs and expectations

• Identifying the target audience for the problem-solution writing
• Considering the audience's background knowledge, interests, and perspectives on the issue
• Anticipating the audience's potential objections or concerns
• Tailoring the content, tone, and persuasive strategies to the specific audience

Formal vs informal tone

• Assessing the appropriate level of formality based on the audience and purpose
• Using a formal tone for academic, professional, or policy-oriented contexts
• Employing a more conversational or engaging tone for general public or advocacy purposes
• Maintaining consistency in tone throughout the piece

Inspiring action vs informing decisions

• Determining whether the primary goal is to motivate the audience to take direct action or to inform their decision-making process
• Tailoring the call-to-action and persuasive appeals based on the desired outcome
• Providing specific and actionable steps for the audience to follow when inspiring action
• Presenting a balanced and informative analysis when the goal is to guide decision-making

Organizing and structuring content

Linear vs non-linear approaches

• Choosing between a traditional linear structure (problem, solution, call-to-action) and a non-linear approach
• Considering a non-linear structure for complex problems with multiple solutions or stakeholders
• Using a non-linear approach to engage the reader and create a sense of discovery
• Ensuring clarity and coherence regardless of the chosen structure

Using headings and subheadings

• Breaking the content into clear and logical sections using descriptive headings
• Using subheadings to further organize content within each section
• Creating a hierarchical structure that guides the reader through the argument
• Using parallel structure for headings and subheadings to enhance readability

Incorporating visuals and graphics

• Using charts, graphs, infographics, or images to support key points and make data more accessible
• Selecting visuals that are relevant, clear, and visually appealing
• Integrating visuals seamlessly into the text and providing appropriate captions or labels
• Ensuring that visuals enhance rather than distract from the overall argument

Writing effective transitions

• Using transitional words, phrases, or sentences to link ideas and sections
• Creating smooth and logical connections between paragraphs and sections
• Using transitions to signpost the structure of the argument and guide the reader
• Varying transition types (addition, comparison, contrast, cause-effect, etc.) to maintain engagement

Editing and revising techniques

Checking for coherence and clarity

• Reviewing the overall structure and flow of the argument for logical progression
• Ensuring that each paragraph and section supports the main thesis or purpose
• Checking for clear and concise language that effectively communicates ideas
• Identifying and resolving any ambiguities, inconsistencies, or gaps in the argument

Eliminating redundancy and wordiness

• Identifying and removing unnecessary repetition of ideas or information
• Streamlining sentences by eliminating filler words, phrases, or clauses
• Combining similar ideas or sentences to improve concision and readability
• Ensuring that each sentence and paragraph contributes to the overall argument

Proofreading for grammar and style

• Conducting a thorough review for grammatical, spelling, and punctuation errors
• Checking for consistent use of verb tenses, pronouns, and other stylistic elements
• Ensuring adherence to the appropriate citation style and format
• Using proofreading tools, techniques, or checklists to identify and correct errors

Seeking feedback and input

• Sharing drafts with peers, colleagues, or mentors for constructive feedback
• Seeking input from individuals with diverse perspectives or expertise related to the problem
• Using feedback to identify areas for improvement, clarification, or strengthening of arguments
• Iterating and revising based on feedback to enhance the overall quality and persuasiveness of the writing