Independence

Definition

Independence refers to the state of being free from external control or influence, particularly in the context of a nation or people asserting their right to self-governance. This concept was crucial during the American Revolution, as colonists sought to break away from British rule and establish their own identity as a sovereign nation. Independence was not only about political freedom but also encompassed social, economic, and cultural dimensions that shaped the emerging American society.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Olive Branch Petition represented an attempt by the colonists to maintain peace with Britain while still asserting their rights, ultimately reflecting their desire for independence.
2. Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' challenged the legitimacy of British rule and advocated for complete independence from Britain, stirring public sentiment towards revolution.
3. The Declaration of Independence formally articulated the colonies' desire for independence, listing grievances against King George III and asserting the inherent rights of individuals.
4. Independence was seen not just as a political goal, but as a moral imperative that inspired many revolutionary leaders and thinkers during this period.
5. The success of achieving independence ultimately led to the establishment of a new nation based on democratic principles and ideals of liberty and justice.

Review Questions

• How did the Olive Branch Petition reflect the colonists' views on independence and their relationship with Britain?
  • The Olive Branch Petition illustrated the colonists' initial hope for reconciliation with Britain while expressing their grievances and demands for greater autonomy. By seeking a peaceful resolution, they aimed to avoid conflict, yet it also revealed their growing desire for independence. The rejection of this petition by King George III pushed many colonists towards embracing the idea of breaking away entirely from British control.
• In what ways did Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' influence public opinion regarding independence from Britain?
  • Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' was pivotal in shifting public opinion towards independence by clearly articulating the case against British rule. Paine argued that it was absurd for an island to govern a continent and emphasized the benefits of self-governance. His persuasive writing made complex political ideas accessible to the average colonist, inspiring widespread support for the revolutionary cause and encouraging many to consider independence as a realistic goal.
• Evaluate the impact of the Declaration of Independence on both domestic and international perceptions of American independence.
  • The Declaration of Independence had profound implications both domestically and internationally. Domestically, it unified the colonies under a common cause, framing their struggle as one for universal rights and freedoms. Internationally, it garnered attention and support from foreign nations like France, which saw an opportunity to weaken Britain. The declaration solidified America's identity as an independent nation, laying the groundwork for future diplomatic relations and alliances that would shape its trajectory in world affairs.

Related terms

Sovereignty: The authority of a state to govern itself without external interference, emphasizing its autonomy and control over its territory.

Revolution: A significant and rapid change in political power or organizational structures that typically occurs when the population revolts against the ruling authority.

Self-determination: The right of a people to determine their own political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural development.