Carbohydrates are biomolecules consisting mainly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They are one of the four main types of macromolecules in living organisms and serve as a primary source of energy.
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Monosaccharides: These are the simplest form of carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed further into simpler sugars. Examples include glucose and fructose.
Polysaccharides: These are complex carbohydrates made up from many monosaccharide units. Examples include starch and cellulose.
Glycogen: This is a multibranched polysaccharide that serves as a form of energy storage in animals and fungi.