Polarity: A property of molecules resulting from the uneven distribution of charges due to differences in electronegativity; leads to regions of partial positive and negative charge within the molecule.
Ionization Energy: The energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion; generally increases with increasing electronegativity because these atoms hold their electrons more tightly.
Electron Affinity: The amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom; elements with high electronegativity typically have high electron affinity as they readily accept additional electrons.