P-value

Definition

The p-value in psychological research represents the probability of obtaining results as extreme or more extreme than the observed data, assuming that the null hypothesis is true. It helps researchers determine if their findings are statistically significant.

Related terms

Null Hypothesis: In psychological research, the null hypothesis states that there is no effect or relationship between variables being studied.

Statistical Significance: Statistical significance refers to the likelihood that an observed result occurred due to a real effect rather than random chance.

Type I Error: Type I error occurs when researchers reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true, meaning they incorrectly conclude there is an effect or relationship present.