Ben Jonson

Definition

Ben Jonson was a prominent English playwright and poet during the Renaissance, known for his sharp wit and masterful use of language. His works, which often included elements of satire and comedy, contributed significantly to the development of English drama, especially through his innovative use of character and plot structure.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Jonson was the first person to be officially named Poet Laureate in England in 1617, a title that recognized his contributions to English literature.
2. His most famous works include 'Volpone', 'The Alchemist', and 'Bartholomew Fair', each showcasing his skill in crafting complex characters and intricate plots.
3. Jonson was known for his strong belief in classical unities, which guided him in structuring his plays around coherent narratives and well-developed characters.
4. He often used satire to critique contemporary society, politics, and the foibles of human nature, establishing himself as a key figure in the tradition of social commentary in literature.
5. Despite being a contemporary of Shakespeare, Jonson's style was distinct; he focused more on the moral lessons of his characters compared to Shakespeare's exploration of human emotion.

Review Questions

• How did Ben Jonson's approach to character development differ from that of his contemporaries?
  • Ben Jonson's approach to character development was marked by a focus on moral integrity and societal roles. While contemporaries like Shakespeare delved deeply into emotional complexity, Jonson often emphasized the satirical aspects of human behavior and social commentary. His characters were typically types or representations of broader societal issues, serving as vehicles for his critiques rather than merely individual explorations.
• What role did satire play in Ben Jonson's works, and how did it reflect the societal norms of his time?
  • Satire was a central element in Ben Jonson's works, allowing him to comment on and critique the social norms, politics, and follies of his era. Through sharp wit and humor, he exposed the corruption and hypocrisy present in society. This use of satire not only entertained audiences but also encouraged them to reflect on their own behaviors and the world around them. His plays often served as mirrors to society, revealing uncomfortable truths while also pushing boundaries within the genre.
• Evaluate the impact Ben Jonson had on the development of English drama in comparison to Shakespeare's influence.
  • Ben Jonson's impact on English drama was profound and can be evaluated alongside Shakespeare's influence by examining their distinct approaches to storytelling and character. While Shakespeare explored a wide range of human emotions and relationships, Jonson concentrated on societal critiques through structured narratives and moral lessons. Jonson's emphasis on classical unities and character types laid groundwork for future playwrights who sought to blend entertainment with social commentary. His legacy can be seen in how later writers utilized satire and well-defined character arcs to engage audiences, ultimately enriching the tapestry of English theater.

Related terms

Commedia dell'arte: An early form of Italian theater characterized by improvised performances featuring stock characters, which influenced the development of comedic elements in English drama.

Caroline Drama: A genre of English drama from the reign of King Charles I, which included works that often reflected the complexities of human nature and societal issues, with Jonson being a key figure.

Masque: A form of festive courtly entertainment that combined poetry, music, and dance, which Jonson wrote extensively for, showcasing his talent for blending various artistic forms.