Ben Jonson

Definition

Ben Jonson was a prominent English playwright and poet of the Renaissance era, known for his sharp wit and strong characters. As a contemporary of Shakespeare, he made significant contributions to the development of English drama, often contrasting with Shakespeare’s style through his focus on classical forms and social commentary. His works have had a lasting impact on theatre and set the stage for later developments in comedy and satire.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ben Jonson was appointed as Poet Laureate of England in 1617, marking his recognition as one of the leading literary figures of his time.
2. He wrote famous plays such as 'Volpone' and 'The Alchemist', which are renowned for their clever plots and incisive social commentary.
3. Jonson's use of classical references and adherence to the unities of time, place, and action set him apart from other playwrights like Shakespeare.
4. He was known for his involvement in the theatrical community, often collaborating with other writers and contributing to the organization of performances.
5. Jonson's legacy includes his influence on later playwrights, particularly in the development of comedy, making him a significant figure in the history of English theatre.

Review Questions

• How did Ben Jonson’s writing style differ from that of Shakespeare, and what impact did this have on English theatre?
  • Ben Jonson’s writing style is characterized by its focus on classical forms and a more structured approach to plot and character compared to Shakespeare's often more fluid and expansive style. Jonson emphasized moral lessons and social critique in his works, which helped establish a distinct genre of comedy that dealt with contemporary issues. This contrast enriched English theatre by showcasing a variety of dramatic techniques and themes that would influence future playwrights.
• Discuss how Jonson's masques contributed to the cultural landscape of his time and their significance in English theatre.
  • Jonson's masques were elaborate court entertainments that blended poetry, music, dance, and elaborate staging, reflecting the tastes of the aristocracy during the Renaissance. These performances were significant not just for their artistic merit but also as political tools that celebrated royal power and patronage. By integrating dramatic elements into these spectacles, Jonson elevated the status of theatrical performance within English culture and influenced future theatrical traditions.
• Evaluate Ben Jonson's role as a satirist within the context of the English Renaissance and how his works shaped societal perspectives.
  • Ben Jonson played a crucial role as a satirist during the English Renaissance by using humor and irony to critique societal norms, politics, and human behavior. His sharp observations in plays like 'Volpone' and 'The Alchemist' prompted audiences to reflect on moral corruption and social folly. This ability to challenge societal perspectives through satire not only entertained but also encouraged critical thinking among audiences, establishing Jonson as a key figure in shaping public discourse through theatre.

Related terms

Commedia dell'arte: An Italian theatrical form characterized by improvised performances featuring stock characters and situations, influencing Jonson's comedic style.

Masques: A form of festive courtly entertainment that combined poetry, music, and dance, which Jonson popularized in England during the early 17th century.

Satire: A genre of literature that uses humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize or mock social institutions or individual behavior, central to many of Jonson's works.