Insulin

Definition

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating cellular glucose uptake. It is also administered as a medication to manage diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Insulin therapy is essential for patients with Type 1 diabetes and may be required for Type 2 diabetes.
2. Rapid-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting insulin are the four main types of insulin formulations.
3. Hypoglycemia is a common side effect of insulin therapy and requires immediate treatment with fast-acting carbohydrates.
4. Insulin can be administered via subcutaneous injections or insulin pumps.
5. Dosage adjustments may be necessary based on blood glucose monitoring results, dietary intake, and physical activity levels.

Review Questions

• What are the four main types of insulin formulations used in diabetes management?
• How does insulin regulate blood glucose levels in the body?
• What is a common side effect of insulin therapy and how can it be treated?

Related terms

Glucagon: A hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver.

Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood glucose levels.

Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune condition where the pancreas produces little to no insulin.