Cosmic rays

Definition

Cosmic rays are high-energy protons and atomic nuclei that travel through space at nearly the speed of light. They originate from various sources, including the Sun, distant stars, and supernovae.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cosmic rays are composed primarily of protons, but also contain heavier nuclei and electrons.
2. When cosmic rays enter the Earth's atmosphere, they interact with atmospheric molecules, creating showers of secondary particles.
3. The motion of cosmic rays is influenced by magnetic fields, which can alter their trajectories.
4. Cosmic rays can be detected indirectly by observing the secondary particles they produce upon interacting with matter.
5. The study of cosmic rays helps in understanding fundamental processes in astrophysics and particle physics.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components of cosmic rays?
• How do magnetic fields influence the motion of cosmic rays?
• What happens when cosmic rays interact with molecules in the Earth's atmosphere?

Related terms

Magnetic Field: A region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.

Secondary Particles: Particles produced as a result of interactions between primary cosmic rays and other matter.

Supernova: A powerful and luminous explosion marking the death of a massive star, often producing high-energy particles such as cosmic rays.