Common Sense

Definition

Common Sense refers to a pamphlet published in 1776 by Thomas Paine that argued for American independence from British rule. It was significant because it provided clear and persuasive arguments that resonated with the common people, motivating them to support the revolutionary cause. This influential piece of writing used straightforward language to challenge the legitimacy of monarchy and advocate for self-governance, making complex political ideas accessible to a broad audience.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Published in January 1776, 'Common Sense' quickly became a bestseller and sold over 100,000 copies within months, significantly influencing public opinion.
2. Paine's arguments emphasized the economic benefits of independence, suggesting that free trade would be more advantageous than the mercantilist policies imposed by Britain.
3. The pamphlet condemned hereditary succession and monarchy as illegitimate forms of government, promoting the idea of a democratic republic instead.
4. Paine addressed his work to the average colonist, using everyday language to make his points clear and relatable, which helped galvanize support for independence.
5. 'Common Sense' is credited with shifting the mindset of many undecided colonists towards supporting the revolutionary cause and setting the stage for the Declaration of Independence.

Review Questions

• How did Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' challenge traditional views of government during its time?
  • 'Common Sense' challenged traditional views by rejecting monarchy and hereditary rule, arguing instead for a system based on democracy and representation. Paine criticized the British monarchy as an unjust institution that lacked legitimacy, advocating for the establishment of a republic where power derives from the consent of the governed. His persuasive writing made complex political concepts understandable to ordinary citizens, which inspired many to reconsider their allegiance to British rule.
• In what ways did 'Common Sense' impact public opinion regarding independence from Britain?
  • 'Common Sense' had a profound impact on public opinion by articulating the arguments for independence in a compelling manner that resonated with everyday people. The pamphlet effectively communicated both the moral and practical reasons for breaking away from Britain, including economic freedom and self-governance. By reaching a wide audience through its accessible language, it mobilized support for the revolutionary cause and laid the groundwork for more formal declarations of independence.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of 'Common Sense' on American political thought and identity following the Revolution.
  • 'Common Sense' not only spurred immediate action toward independence but also had lasting effects on American political thought and identity. It helped embed principles of democracy and individual rights into the national consciousness, influencing future political discourse and governance structures. The ideas presented by Paine about self-rule and rejection of tyranny became foundational elements of American identity, shaping how future generations viewed their rights as citizens and their relationship with government.

Related terms

Thomas Paine: An English-American political activist, philosopher, and revolutionary who authored 'Common Sense' and played a key role in advocating for American independence.

Pamphleteering: The act of producing and distributing pamphlets, which was an important means of spreading political ideas during the American Revolution.

American Revolution: The conflict between the Thirteen American Colonies and Great Britain from 1775 to 1783, leading to the founding of the United States.