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Writing the Narrative Short

Preparing your work for submission is a crucial step in the publishing process. It involves refining your narrative, ensuring clarity and coherence, and adhering to industry standards. This attention to detail can significantly impact your chances of success.

Proper formatting, crafting compelling query letters, and thorough proofreading are essential elements of a polished submission. These steps demonstrate professionalism and respect for editors and agents, increasing your likelihood of standing out in a competitive field.

Narrative Revision for Clarity and Coherence

Revision for Improved Effectiveness and Impact

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  • Make substantive changes to content, structure, and style to enhance overall effectiveness and impact on the reader
  • Evaluate and adjust pacing, tension, and character development to engage and satisfy the reader
  • Ensure that all narrative elements (setting, character, plot, theme) work together harmoniously to achieve the desired effect
  • Consider feedback from beta readers, writing groups, or workshops to identify areas for improvement

Editing for Clarity and Precision

  • Refine language, grammar, and mechanics to ensure clarity and precision
  • Adhere to conventions of standard written English (proper punctuation, consistent verb tenses, subject-verb agreement)
  • Eliminate redundancy, wordiness, and unclear or ambiguous language
  • Vary sentence structure and length to create a smooth, engaging reading experience
  • Maintain a consistent narrative voice and tone throughout the piece

Coherence in Narrative Flow and Unity

  • Ensure logical flow and unity of the narrative
  • Use effective transitions between scenes, chapters, or sections to maintain continuity
  • Develop and resolve subplots in a way that supports the main storyline
  • Maintain consistent characterization and character arcs throughout the narrative
  • Tie together all narrative elements to convey the intended meaning and theme

Adherence to Submission Guidelines

  • Review and follow specific submission guidelines for the targeted publication or contest
  • Adhere to requirements for word count, formatting, genre, theme, and other criteria
  • Tailor the narrative to fit the preferences and expectations of the intended audience
  • Ensure that the submitted work aligns with the mission, vision, and values of the publication or organization

Manuscript Formatting for Industry Standards

Standard Manuscript Formatting

  • Use a standard, easy-to-read font (Times New Roman or Arial) in 12-point size
  • Apply double-spacing throughout the manuscript
  • Set one-inch margins on all sides of the document
  • Indent the first line of each paragraph by 0.5 inches
  • Use a single space after periods and other punctuation marks

Title Page and Header Information

  • Include the author's name, contact information, word count, and brief synopsis or logline on the first page
  • Place a header on each subsequent page with the author's last name and page number in the top right corner
  • Center the title of the work about one-third of the way down the first page
  • Begin the narrative text on the second page, unless otherwise specified by submission guidelines

File Format and Specific Requirements

  • Save the manuscript in the required file format (.doc, .docx, .rtf, or other specified format)
  • Follow any specific guidelines for page numbering, such as using a different numbering system for the title page or starting page numbers on the second page
  • Include a cover letter or other required documents as specified by the publication or contest guidelines
  • Ensure that all elements of the submission package (manuscript, cover letter, synopsis) are complete, properly formatted, and free of errors

Query Letters and Synopses for Editors and Agents

Crafting Effective Query Letters

  • Open with a brief, professional introduction of the author and their work
  • Include a compelling hook or opening that immediately captures the reader's attention (provocative question, intriguing statement, or relevant statistic)
  • Provide a concise summary of the story's main conflict, characters, and stakes
  • Highlight the author's relevant writing credentials, experience, or previous publications
  • Demonstrate knowledge of the editor, agent, or publication being targeted and explain why the work is a good fit for their preferences and market

Writing Compelling Synopses

  • Summarize the entire narrative in a concise manner, typically in 500-800 words
  • Include the main characters, central conflict, key plot points, and resolution
  • Write in present tense and third person, regardless of the narrative's original tense and point of view
  • Convey the unique voice, style, and tone of the narrative while maintaining clarity and brevity
  • Focus on the main story arc and avoid including subplots or minor characters that do not directly impact the central conflict

Tailoring to the Target Audience

  • Research the specific editor, agent, or publication to understand their preferences, submission guidelines, and the types of works they represent
  • Customize the query letter and synopsis to highlight aspects of the work that align with the target audience's interests and needs
  • Use language and terminology that demonstrates familiarity with the genre, market, or literary community being targeted
  • Avoid a one-size-fits-all approach and ensure that each submission is tailored to the specific recipient for the best chance of success

Proofreading for Polished Submissions

Identifying Common Errors

  • Check for typos, misspellings, and missing or repeated words
  • Review punctuation for accuracy and consistency (comma placement, quotation marks, apostrophes)
  • Ensure consistent capitalization and hyphenation throughout the manuscript
  • Verify that formatting elements (margins, font size, line spacing) adhere to submission guidelines
  • Look for inconsistencies in character names, place names, or other key details

Effective Proofreading Techniques

  • Read the manuscript aloud to identify awkward phrasing, run-on sentences, or unintended repetition
  • Use a ruler or other guide to review each line of text individually, helping to focus attention on one line at a time
  • Proofread the manuscript multiple times, focusing on different aspects (grammar, punctuation, formatting) in each pass
  • Enlist the help of a trusted peer, beta reader, or professional proofreader for an objective review and fresh perspective
  • Allow sufficient time between writing and proofreading to approach the work with a clear, unbiased mindset

Demonstrating Professionalism and Attention to Detail

  • Present a polished, error-free manuscript that showcases the author's commitment to quality and professionalism
  • Ensure that all elements of the submission package (query letter, synopsis, manuscript) are well-written, properly formatted, and free of errors
  • Demonstrate respect for the editor or agent's time and attention by submitting work that is thoroughly reviewed and refined
  • Enhance the author's reputation and credibility within the literary community by consistently producing high-quality, carefully crafted submissions
  • Increase the likelihood of acceptance and success in the competitive publishing industry by presenting work that stands out for its polish and attention to detail
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AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.


© 2025 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.

© 2025 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.
AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.