Abstract expressionism

Definition

Abstract expressionism is an art movement that emerged in the United States in the 1940s and 1950s, characterized by spontaneous, automatic, or subconscious creation. This movement emphasizes the act of painting itself and prioritizes personal expression and emotional intensity over representational forms. Its impact on the art world led to a reevaluation of artistic practices and opened the door for various innovative approaches in contemporary art.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Notable New Mexican artists like Agnes Martin and Robert Motherwell were influential figures in the abstract expressionist movement, showcasing its emotional depth through their works.
2. Abstract expressionism shifted the center of the art world from Europe to the United States, establishing New York City as a major hub for modern art.
3. The movement was marked by a desire to convey complex emotions through bold colors and dynamic forms, often breaking away from traditional artistic techniques.
4. The impact of abstract expressionism extended beyond painting to influence various disciplines, including sculpture, photography, and performance art.
5. Critics often viewed abstract expressionism as a reflection of post-World War II anxiety and existential concerns, encapsulating the tumultuous spirit of the era.

Review Questions

• How did New Mexican artists contribute to the development and popularity of abstract expressionism?
  • New Mexican artists played a crucial role in shaping abstract expressionism by infusing their regional influences into the movement. Artists like Agnes Martin brought a unique perspective with her minimalist approach and focus on inner emotional experiences. Similarly, Robert Motherwell's works incorporated themes from American identity and culture, making significant contributions that helped elevate the movement's prominence on both national and international stages.
• Evaluate how abstract expressionism reflected broader societal changes in the United States during its emergence in the mid-20th century.
  • Abstract expressionism emerged during a time of significant societal change in the United States, particularly after World War II. The movement reflected feelings of dislocation and existential angst that many Americans experienced during this period. Artists sought to break away from traditional artistic conventions to express their inner emotions and responses to contemporary life. This desire for personal expression mirrored broader cultural shifts towards individualism and freedom in art and society.
• Analyze the lasting impact of abstract expressionism on contemporary art movements and practices today.
  • Abstract expressionism has had a profound influence on contemporary art movements, encouraging artists to explore new techniques that emphasize spontaneity and emotional depth. Its legacy can be seen in various modern styles, including performance art and installation art, which prioritize personal experience over representation. The movement also paved the way for later developments like postmodernism, where questioning traditional boundaries of art remains a central theme. Today, artists continue to draw inspiration from abstract expressionist ideals, reflecting their enduring relevance in the evolving landscape of art.

Related terms

Color Field Painting: A style within abstract expressionism that focuses on large areas of color and minimalistic forms, emphasizing the emotional resonance of color.

Action Painting: A technique associated with abstract expressionism where paint is spontaneously applied to the canvas, highlighting the physical act of painting.

Non-objective Art: Art that does not depict recognizable objects or subjects, often associated with abstract expressionism, focusing instead on shapes, colors, and forms.