Separation of powers

Definition

Separation of powers is a principle in political science that divides the responsibilities and powers of a government into distinct branches to prevent any one group or individual from gaining too much control. Typically, these branches are the legislative (makes laws), executive (implements laws), and judicial (interprets laws).

Related terms

Checks and Balances: A system that allows each branch of government to amend or veto acts of another branch so as to prevent any one branch from exerting too much power.

Judicial Review: The power of courts to assess whether a law, policy or executive action is in conflict with the constitution.

Federalism: A system of government in which power is divided between a central (national) government and regional (state or provincial) governments